Addiction in our brain

Addiction in our brain Over time, the brain adapts in a way that actually makes the activity less enjoyable. Addictions do not only include bodily things we consume, such as drugs or alcohol, but may include virtually anything. The main addictions tend to be alcohol and heroin, and psychological dependence to activities such as gambling, sex, work, running, shopping, or an eating disorder. Signs of drug addiction include changes in personality and behaviour like a lack of enthusiasm, touchiness, bloodshot eyes and frequent bloody noses, or slurred speech. Addiction is well-defined as a chronic relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. It is measured a brain disease because drugs change the brain they change its structure and how it works. Though everyone’s path to addiction is different whether he or she tries a drug or behaviour because it’s what that person’s parents or peer do, or just out of curiosity what’s common across all substance and behavioural addictions is their stunning ability to increase levels of an important chemical in the brain called dopamine. If you have a blood relative, such as a parent or sibling, with alcohol or drug problems, you’re at greater risk of emerging into a drug addict. Men are more likely to have problems with drugs than women are. However, progression of addictive illnesses is known to be faster in females. Drug use is on the rise in the USA and 23.5 million Americans are addicted to alcohol a nd drugs. That’s approximately one in every 10 Americans over the age of 12 roughly equal to the entire population of Texas. But only 11 per cent of those with an addiction receive conduct. The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that between 40 and 60 per cent of recuperating drug addicts will eventually relapse. With heroin, those rates are even higher. Some experts place the rate of relapse for heroin addicts as high as 80 present, which means that the recovery rate may be as low as 20 per cent. Most people overcome addiction to alcohol or drugs on their own, without joining a support group or entering treatment. Alcoholism and other habits are not diseases. There are specific tools anyone can use to help themselves to overcome any addiction with or without professional assistance. The old belief that it took 21 days to change a habit has now been labelled a myth. According to psychologists, while it may take approximately 21 days of mindful and consistent effort to create a new habit, it takes far longer to break an existing habit. In conclusion to this I think that depending on what you do and your daily routine you can become addicted to anything, Some people face completely different addictions to others but the most common one seems to be drug addictions.

Ethnicity (Oxford Reader) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethnicity (Oxford Reader) - Research Paper Example To the instrumentalist it is more like a resource, which one can gain by following his or her interest. To others is a social construction used by people to forge their identity. This paper discusses the different points of view on ethnicity and points out to the point of view I find to be most convincing. Though there is a tendency to link ethnicity with conflict, the two entities are completely different. However, ethnic conflict is a common phenomenon that arises due to factors such as political divides that are based on ethnic communities and identities, economic inequalities arising due to scarcity of resource hence as well as cultural differences. Cultural differences could be based on language or religion. Another source of ethnic conflict is unequal distribution of political reward where more political rewards being given to one ethnic group than others in a polyethnic state. Additionally, national identity and ideology are common source of ethnic conflict (Hutchinson and Smith 1-10). From a long time back, people use the term ethnicity to demonstrate some form of commonness in addition to demonstrating solidarity. Among the Greeks, ethnicity is associated with the term ethnie, which means, ethnic category, ethnic network, ethnic association, ethnic network or ethnic community. To the Schermerhorn ethnie is a myth of common ancestry, common culture, or some form of link to homeland (Hutchinson and Smith 10-14). Currently, there are different approaches to ethnie. Primodialism is one such approach, which defines ethnie as naturally given socially creating bonds. However, this definition is problematic since it is static and naturalistic hence lacking exploratory power. Sociobiloogists view ethnie as an explanation for kinship-based grouping with genetic reproductive capacity. This approach is also problematic since it tends to reduce social and cultural behaviors to biological drives. Additionally, it tends to be speculative when dealing with large